<?php

/*********************************************************************
* AUTHOR: Clemens Schwaighofer
* CREATED: 2004/11/18
* VERSION: 3.0.0
* RELEASED LICENSE: GNU GPL 3
* SHORT DESCRIPTION:
* 	init class for gettext. Original was just a function &
*   var setting include for wordpress.
*	I changed that to a class to be more portable with my style of coding
*   VERSION 3.0 (2022/4) removes all old folder layout and uses standard gettext
* PUBLIC METHODS
*	__  : returns string (translated or original if not found)
*	__n : plural string
*   __p : string with context
*   __np: string with context and plural
*
* HISTORY:
* 2022/4/15  (cs) drop all old folder layout support, new folder base
*                 in locale with standard gettext layout of
*                 locale/LC_MESSAGES/domain.mo
* 2005/10/17 (cs) made an on the fly switch method (reload of lang)
*********************************************************************/

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace CoreLibs\Language;

use CoreLibs\Language\Core\FileReader;
use CoreLibs\Language\Core\GetTextReader;

class L10n
{
	/** @var string the default fallback encoding if nothing is set */
	public const DEFAULT_CHARSET = 'UTF-8';
	/** @var string the current locale */
	private string $locale = '';
	/** @var string the SET locale as WHERE the domain file is */
	private string $locale_set = '';
	/** @var string the default selected/active domain */
	private string $domain = '';
	/** @var string encoding, as from locale or set from outside */
	private string $override_encoding = self::DEFAULT_CHARSET;
	/** @var string encoding set during the parse Locale */
	private string $encoding = '';
	/** @var array<string,array<string,GetTextReader>> locale > domain = translator */
	private array $domains = [];
	/** @var array<string,string> bound paths for domains */
	private array $paths = ['' => './'];

	// files
	/** @var string the full path to the mo file to loaded */
	private string $mofile = '';
	/** @var string base path to search level */
	private string $base_locale_path = '';
	/** @var string dynamic set path to where the mo file is actually */
	private string $base_content_path = '';

	// errors
	/** @var bool if load of mo file was unsuccessful */
	private bool $load_failure = false;

	// object holders
	/** @var FileReader|bool reader class for file reading, false for short circuit */
	private FileReader|bool $input = false;
	/** @var GetTextReader reader class for MO data */
	private GetTextReader|null $l10n = null;
	/**
	 * @static
	 * @var L10n self class
	 */
	private static L10n $instance;

	/**
	 * class constructor call for language getstring
	 * if locale is not empty will load translation
	 * else getTranslator needs to be called
	 *
	 * @param string $locale   language name, default empty string
	 *                         will return self instance
	 * @param string $domain   override CONTENT_PATH . $encoding name for mo file
	 * @param string $path     path, if empty fallback on default internal path
	 * @param string $encoding Optional encoding, should be set if locale has
	 *                         no encoding, defaults to UTF-8
	 */
	public function __construct(
		string $locale = '',
		string $domain = '',
		string $path = '',
		string $encoding = ''
	) {
		// auto load language only if at least locale and domain is set
		// New: path must be set too, or we fall through
		if (!empty($locale) && !empty($domain) && empty($path)) {
			/** @deprecated if locale and domain are set, path must be set too */
			trigger_error(
				'Empty path parameter is no longer allowed if locale and domain are set',
				E_USER_DEPRECATED
			);
		}
		if (!empty($locale) && !empty($domain) && !empty($path)) {
			// check hack if domain and path is switched
			// Note this can be removed in future versions
			if (strstr($domain, DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR) !== false) {
				/** @deprecated domain must be 2nd and path must be third parameter */
				trigger_error(
					'L10n constructor parameter switch is no longer supported. domain is 2nd, path is 3rd parameter',
					E_USER_DEPRECATED
				);
				$_domain = $path;
				$path = $domain;
				$domain = $_domain;
			}
			$this->getTranslator($locale, $domain, $path, $encoding);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the singleton L10n object.
	 * For function wrapper use
	 *
	 * @return L10n object
	 */
	public static function getInstance(): L10n
	{
		if (empty(self::$instance)) {
			self::$instance = new self();
		}
		return self::$instance;
	}

	/**
	 * Loads global localization functions.
	 * prefixed with double underscore
	 * eg: gettext -> __gettext
	 */
	public static function loadFunctions(): void
	{
		require_once __DIR__ . '/l10n_functions.php';
	}

	/**
	 * loads the mo file base on path, locale and domain set
	 *
	 * @param string $locale language name, if not set, try previous set
	 * @param string $domain set name for mo file, if not set, try previous set
	 * @param string $path path, if not set try to get from paths array, else self
	 * @param string $override_encoding if locale does not env encoding set, use this one
	 * @return GetTextReader the main gettext reader object
	 */
	public function getTranslator(
		string $locale = '',
		string $domain = '',
		string $path = '',
		string $override_encoding = '',
	): GetTextReader {
		// set local if not from parameter
		if (empty($locale)) {
			$locale = $this->locale;
		}
		// set domain if not given
		if (empty($domain)) {
			$domain = $this->domain;
		}
		// override encoding for unset
		if (!empty($override_encoding)) {
			$this->override_encoding = $override_encoding;
		}
		// store old settings
		$old_mofile = $this->mofile;
		$old_lang = $this->locale;
		$old_lang_set = $this->locale_set;
		$old_domain = $this->domain;
		$old_encoding = $this->encoding;
		$old_base_locale_path = $this->base_locale_path;
		$old_base_content_path = $this->base_content_path;

		// if path is a dir
		// 1) from a previous set domain
		// 2) from method option as is
		// 3) fallback if BASE/INCLUDES/LOCALE set
		// 4) current dir
		if (!empty($this->paths[$domain]) && is_dir($this->paths[$domain])) {
			$this->base_locale_path = $this->paths[$domain];
		} elseif (is_dir($path)) {
			$this->base_locale_path = $path;
		} elseif (
			defined('BASE') && defined('INCLUDES') && defined('LOCALE')
		) {
			/** @deprecated Do not use this anymore, define path on class load */
			trigger_error(
				'parameter $path must be set. Setting via BASE, INCLUDES and LOCALE constants is deprecated',
				E_USER_DEPRECATED
			);
			// set fallback base path if constant set
			$this->base_locale_path = BASE . INCLUDES . LOCALE;
		} else {
			$this->base_locale_path = './';
		}
		// now we loop over lang compositions to get the base path
		// then we check
		$locales = $this->listLocales($locale);
		$encoding = $this->getEncodingFromLocale($locale);
		foreach ($locales as $_locale) {
			$this->base_content_path = $_locale . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR
				. 'LC_MESSAGES' . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR;
			$this->mofile = $this->base_locale_path
				. $this->base_content_path
				. $domain . '.mo';
			if (file_exists($this->mofile)) {
				$this->locale_set = $_locale;
				break;
			}
		}

		// check if get a readable mofile
		if (is_readable($this->mofile)) {
			// locale and domain current wanted
			$this->locale = $locale;
			$this->encoding = $encoding;
			$this->domain = $domain;
			// set empty domains path with current locale
			if (empty($this->domains[$locale])) {
				$this->domains[$locale] = [];
			}
			// store current base path (without locale, etc)
			if (empty($this->paths[$domain])) {
				$this->paths[$domain] = $this->base_locale_path;
			}
			// file reader and mo reader
			$this->input = new FileReader($this->mofile);
			$this->l10n = new GetTextReader($this->input);
			// if short circuit is true, we failed to have a translator loaded
			$this->load_failure = $this->l10n->getShortCircuit();
			// below is not used at the moment, but can be to avoid reloading
			$this->domains[$this->locale][$domain] = $this->l10n;
		} elseif (!empty($old_mofile)) {
			// mo file not readable
			$this->load_failure = true;
			// else fall back to the old ones
			$this->mofile = $old_mofile;
			$this->locale = $old_lang;
			$this->locale_set = $old_lang_set;
			$this->encoding = $old_encoding;
			$this->domain = $old_domain;
			$this->base_locale_path = $old_base_locale_path;
			$this->base_content_path = $old_base_content_path;
		} else {
			// mo file not readable, no previous mo file set, set short circuit
			$this->load_failure = true;
			// dummy
			$this->l10n = new GetTextReader($this->input);
		}
		// if this is still null here, we abort
		if ($this->l10n === null) {
			throw new \RuntimeException(
				"Could not create CoreLibs\Language\Core\GetTextReader object",
				E_USER_ERROR
			);
		}
		return $this->l10n;
	}

	/**
	 * return current set GetTextReader or return the one for given
	 * domain name if set
	 * This can be used to access all the public methods from the
	 * GetTextReader
	 *
	 * @param  string        $domain optional domain name
	 * @return GetTextReader
	 */
	public function getTranslatorClass(string $domain = ''): GetTextReader
	{
		if (!empty($domain) && !empty($this->domains[$this->locale][$domain])) {
			return $this->domains[$this->locale][$domain];
		}
		// if null return short circuit version
		if ($this->l10n === null) {
			return new GetTextReader($this->input);
		}
		return $this->l10n;
	}

	/**
	 * Extract encoding from Locale, or fallback to override one if not set
	 *
	 * @param  string $locale
	 * @return string
	 */
	private function getEncodingFromLocale(string $locale): string
	{
		// extract charset from $locale
		// if not set get override encoding
		preg_match('/(?:\\.(?P<charset>[-A-Za-z0-9_]+))/', $locale, $matches);
		return $matches['charset'] ?? $this->override_encoding;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the local as array same to the GetLocale::setLocale return
	 * This does not set from outside, but only what is set in the l10n class
	 *
	 * @return array{locale: string, lang: string, lang_short: string, domain: string, encoding: string, path: string}
	 */
	public function getLocaleAsArray(): array
	{
		$locale = L10n::parseLocale($this->getLocale());
		return [
			'locale' => $this->getLocale(),
			'lang' => ($locale['lang'] ?? '')
				. (!empty($locale['country']) ? '_' . $locale['country'] : ''),
			'lang_short' => $locale['lang'] ?? '',
			'domain' => $this->getDomain(),
			'encoding' => $this->getEncoding(),
			'path' => $this->getBaseLocalePath(),
		];
	}

	/**
	 * parse the locale string for further processing
	 *
	 * @param  string $locale Locale to parse
	 * @return array<string,string|null> array with lang, country, charset, modifier
	 */
	public static function parseLocale(string $locale = ''): array
	{
		preg_match(
			// language code
			'/^(?P<lang>[a-z]{2,3})'
			// country code
			. '(?:_(?P<country>[A-Z]{2}))?'
			// charset
			. '(?:\\.(?P<charset>[-A-Za-z0-9_]+))?'
			// @ modifier
			. '(?:@(?P<modifier>[-A-Za-z0-9_]+))?$/',
			$locale,
			$matches
		);
		return [
			'lang' => $matches['lang'] ?? null,
			'country' => $matches['country'] ?? null,
			'charset' => $matches['charset'] ?? null,
			'modifier' => $matches['modifier'] ?? null,
		];
	}

	/**
	 * original:
	 * vendor/phpmyadmin/motranslator/src/Loader.php
	 *
	 * Returns array with all possible locale combinations based on the
	 * given locale name
	 *
	 * I.e. for sr_CS.UTF-8@latin, look through all of
	 * sr_CS.UTF-8@latin, sr_CS@latin, sr@latin, sr_CS.UTF-8, sr_CS, sr.
	 *
	 * @param  string $locale Locale string
	 * @return array<string>  List of locale path parts that can be possible
	 */
	public static function listLocales(string $locale): array
	{
		$locale_list = [];

		if (empty($locale)) {
			return $locale_list;
		}
		// is matching regex
		$locale_detail = L10n::parseLocale($locale);
		// all null = nothing mached, return locale as is
		if ($locale_detail === array_filter($locale_detail, 'is_null')) {
			return [$locale];
		}
		// write to innteral vars
		$lang = $locale_detail['lang'];
		$country = $locale_detail['country'];
		$charset = $locale_detail['charset'];
		$modifier = $locale_detail['modifier'];
		// we need to add all possible cominations from not null set
		// entries to the list, from longest to shortest
		// %s_%s.%s@%s　(lang _ country . encoding @ suffix)
		// %s_%s@%s　(lang _ country @ suffix)
		// %s@%s　(lang @ suffix)
		// %s_%s.%s　(lang _ country . encoding)
		// %s_%s (lang _ country)
		// %s (lang)

		// if lang is set
		if ($lang) {
			// modifier group
			if ($modifier) {
				if ($country) {
					if ($charset) {
						array_push(
							$locale_list,
							sprintf('%s_%s.%s@%s', $lang, $country, $charset, $modifier)
						);
					}

					array_push(
						$locale_list,
						sprintf('%s_%s@%s', $lang, $country, $modifier)
					);
				} elseif ($charset) {
					array_push(
						$locale_list,
						sprintf('%s.%s@%s', $lang, $charset, $modifier)
					);
				}

				array_push(
					$locale_list,
					sprintf('%s@%s', $lang, $modifier)
				);
			}
			// country group
			if ($country) {
				if ($charset) {
					array_push(
						$locale_list,
						sprintf('%s_%s.%s', $lang, $country, $charset)
					);
				}

				array_push(
					$locale_list,
					sprintf('%s_%s', $lang, $country)
				);
			} elseif ($charset) {
				array_push(
					$locale_list,
					sprintf('%s.%s', $lang, $charset)
				);
			}
			// lang only
			array_push($locale_list, $lang);
		}

		// If the locale name doesn't match POSIX style, just include it as-is.
		if (!in_array($locale, $locale_list)) {
			array_push($locale_list, $locale);
		}

		return $locale_list;
	}

	/**
	 * tries to detect the locale set in the following order:
	 * - globals: LOCALE
	 * - globals: LANG
	 * - env: LC_ALL
	 * - env: LC_MESSAGES
	 * - env: LANG
	 * if nothing set, returns 'en' as default
	 *
	 * @return string
	 */
	public static function detectLocale(): string
	{
		// globals
		foreach (['LOCALE', 'LANG'] as $global) {
			if (!empty($GLOBALS[$global])) {
				return $GLOBALS[$global];
			}
		}
		// enviroment
		foreach (['LC_ALL', 'LC_MESSAGES', 'LANG'] as $env) {
			$locale = getenv($env);
			if ($locale !== false && !empty($locale)) {
				return $locale;
			}
		}
		return 'en';
	}

	/************
	 * INTERNAL VAR SET/GET
	 */

	/**
	 * Sets the path for a domain.
	 * must be set before running getTranslator (former l10nReloadMOfile)
	 *
	 * @param string $domain Domain name
	 * @param string $path   Path where to find locales
	 */
	public function setTextDomain(string $domain, string $path): void
	{
		$this->paths[$domain] = $path;
	}

	/**
	 * return set path for given domain
	 * if not found return false
	 *
	 * @param  string $domain
	 * @return string|bool
	 */
	public function getTextDomain(string $domain)
	{
		return $this->paths[$domain] ?? false;
	}

	/**
	 * sets the default domain.
	 *
	 * @param string $domain Domain name
	 */
	public function setDomain(string $domain): void
	{
		$this->domain = $domain;
	}

	/**
	 * return current set domain name
	 *
	 * @return string
	 */
	public function getDomain(): string
	{
		return $this->domain;
	}

	/**
	 * sets a requested locale.
	 *
	 * @param string $locale Locale name
	 * @return string Set or current locale
	 */
	public function setLocale(string $locale): string
	{
		if (!empty($locale)) {
			$this->locale = $locale;
		}
		return $this->locale;
	}

	/**
	 * get current set locale (want locale)
	 *
	 * @return string
	 */
	public function getLocale(): string
	{
		return $this->locale;
	}

	/**
	 * current set locale where mo file is located
	 *
	 * @return string
	 */
	public function getLocaleSet(): string
	{
		return $this->locale_set;
	}

	/**
	 * Set override encoding
	 *
	 * @param  string $encoding
	 * @return void
	 */
	public function setOverrideEncoding(string $encoding): void
	{
		$this->override_encoding = $encoding;
	}

	/**
	 * return current set override encoding
	 *
	 * @return string
	 */
	public function getOverrideEncoding(): string
	{
		return $this->override_encoding;
	}

	/**
	 * Current set encoding
	 *
	 * @return string
	 */
	public function getEncoding(): string
	{
		return $this->encoding;
	}

	/**
	 * get current set language
	 *
	 * @return string current set language string
	 * @deprecated Use getLocale()
	 */
	public function __getLang(): string
	{
		return $this->getLocale();
	}

	/**
	 * get current set mo file
	 *
	 * @return string current set mo language file
	 */
	public function getMoFile(): string
	{
		return $this->mofile;
	}

	/**
	 * get current set mo file
	 *
	 * @return string current set mo language file
	 * @deprecated  Use getMoFile()
	 */
	public function __getMoFile(): string
	{
		return $this->getMoFile();
	}

	/**
	 * get the current base path in which we search
	 *
	 * @return string
	 */
	public function getBaseLocalePath(): string
	{
		return $this->base_locale_path;
	}

	/**
	 * the path below the base path to where the mo file is located
	 *
	 * @return string
	 */
	public function getBaseContentPath(): string
	{
		return $this->base_content_path;
	}

	/**
	 * get the current load error status
	 * if true then the mo file failed to load
	 *
	 * @return bool
	 */
	public function getLoadError(): bool
	{
		return $this->load_failure;
	}

	/************
	 * TRANSLATION METHODS
	 */

	/**
	 * translates a string and returns translated text
	 *
	 * @param  string $text text to translate
	 * @return string       translated text
	 */
	public function __(string $text): string
	{
		// fallback passthrough
		if ($this->l10n === null) {
			return $text;
		}
		return $this->l10n->translate($text);
	}

	/**
	 * prints translated string out to the screen
	 * @param  string $text text to translate
	 * @return void         has no return
	 * @deprecated use echo __() instead
	 */
	public function __e(string $text): void
	{
		// fallback passthrough
		if ($this->l10n === null) {
			echo $text;
			return;
		}
		echo $this->l10n->translate($text);
	}

	/**
	 * Return the plural form.
	 *
	 * @param  string  $single string for single word
	 * @param  string  $plural string for plural word
	 * @param  int     $number number value
	 * @return string          translated plural string
	 */
	public function __n(string $single, string $plural, int $number): string
	{
		// in case nothing got set yet, this is fallback
		if ($this->l10n === null) {
			return $number > 1 ? $plural : $single;
		}
		return $this->l10n->ngettext($single, $plural, $number);
	}

	/**
	 * context translation via msgctxt
	 *
	 * @param  string $context context string
	 * @param  string $text    text to translate
	 * @return string
	 */
	public function __p(string $context, string $text): string
	{
		if ($this->l10n === null) {
			return $text;
		}
		return $this->l10n->pgettext($context, $text);
	}

	/**
	 * context translation via msgctxt
	 *
	 * @param  string $context context string
	 * @param  string $single  string for single word
	 * @param  string $plural  string for plural word
	 * @param  int    $number  number value
	 * @return string
	 */
	public function __np(string $context, string $single, string $plural, int $number): string
	{
		if ($this->l10n === null) {
			return $number > 1 ? $plural : $single;
		}
		return $this->l10n->npgettext($context, $single, $plural, $number);
	}

	// alias functions to mimic gettext calls

	/**
	 * alias for gettext,
	 * calls __
	 *
	 * @param  string $text
	 * @return string
	 * @deprecated Use __()
	 */
	public function gettext(string $text): string
	{
		return $this->__($text);
	}

	/**
	 * alias for ngettext
	 * calls __n
	 *
	 * @param  string    $single
	 * @param  string    $plural
	 * @param  int       $number
	 * @return string
	 * @deprecated Use __n()
	 */
	public function ngettext(string $single, string $plural, int $number): string
	{
		return $this->__n($single, $plural, $number);
	}

	// TODO: dgettext(string $domain, string $message): string
	// TODO: dngettext(string $domain, string $singular, string $plural, int $count): string
	// TODO: dpgettext(string $domain, string $message, int $category): string
	// TODO: dpngettext(string $domain, string $singular, string $plural, int $count, int $category): string
}

// __END__